Last Updated: 13 Jan 2004
List And Brief History of the German States, Grand Duchies, Principalities, etc before 1806.......Page B. Remmick-Hubert Site
List And Brief History of the German States, Grand Duchies, Principalities, etc
Baden. This principaltities [German State]
occured in various places throughout the history of Germany. Presently, it
is an area connected with Baden-Wuerttemberg and the area between the Rhine
River and old Wuerttemberg.... Baden-Baden was represented
by the Grafschaft Eberstein in the Schwaebische Grafenkolleg. The
Marquisates were at the Peace of Westphalia: (1) Baden-Baden was
member of the Catholic corpus which followed suit of the ruling dynasty of
Baden [House of Zaehringen]; (2) Marquisates of Baden-Durlach
was part of the Protestant Corpus; (3) Baden-Hochberg were,
also, Protestant.. Other branches of the Zaehringen family are the
(4) Dukes of Teck and (5) Margrave of Hachberg and
Sausenberg....
View
from the Scholosshotel of Buehlerhohe [the old hunting lodge of the
kings of the House of Hohenzollern, Schwarzwaldhochstrasse [Black
Forest resort road] in Baden-Wuerttemberg. The stag faces toward
the northern Black Forest and on the other side [westward] is Baden-Baden
and past this village nestled in the hills is the Rhine River.
In the 18th c, the territories were divided between Baden-Durlach (Lutheran) and Baden-Baden (Catholic).
Baden-Durlach held Amt Rhodt (Kreis Landau) until the time of the French Revolution. Some of my ancestors were from the village of Rhodt / Landau which is found in Rhineland-Pfalz.
Baden-Baden owned Herrschaft Beinhein in Lower Alsace, Amt Grefenstein, which was near the town of Rodalben of the Kreis Pirmasens, Herrschaft Hesperlingen and Herrschaft Rodemachern in Luxemburg, plus a portion of Grafschaft Sponheim in the Hunsrueck. After 1803 the territory included the Breisgau, which had been Austrian, and the city of Constance.
Serfdom was abolished in Baden in 1783.
Baindt. Presently in Kreis Ravensburg, Baden-Wuerttember.
Earlier referred to the Abbey for Women which was secularized in 1803.
The village which surrounded the Abbey was, also, called Baindt.
Bamberg. Presently in the Regierngebezirk Oberfranken
of Bavaria [Bayern]. Was a Bishopric of the Catholic corpus at the
Peace of Westphalia which owned the Vilach in Carinthia until 1759 which
was sold to the Hapsburgs of Austria.... then became an
Archbishopric.
Barby
and Muelingen. Presently in Kreis Schoenebeck, Church of
Magdeburg.... in Saxony... Was represented by Kursachsen (Electoral
Saxony) until 1659... Those who controlled this area were:
Sachsen-Weissenfels, Anhalt-Zerbst, and Magdeburg.
The area held Protestant in the majority.
Basel. In 1501 this area became part of the Swiss
Confederation. After 1531 Basel took no part in the Reichstadt. In
the time of the Reformation the area became Protestant.
Bavaria [Bayern]. Presently a
German state known as Freistaat Bayern. Was a Kingdom and an Electoral
Principality which was ruled by the Wittelsbach Dynasty whose ancestor
was a tribal leader of the Bajuwaren and connected to the
Babenbergs to the time of Otto I, Count of Scheyern who
d. 1072.... Thereafter, the area was divided many times into these
known areas and ownerships: Bavaria, Upper Bavaria, Lower Bavaria, Palatinate,
Holland, Simmern, Munich, Pr. of Loewenstein-Wertheim, Zweibruecken, United
Bavaria, Counts Palatine of Veldenz, Birkenfeld, Neuburg, Sulzbach, Kings
of Sweden, Dukes in Bavaria, Kings of Bavaria, Baron of Zweibruecken,
Princes of Spain...... The history is complex. The
Wittelsbach family was and remained Catholic..
The Bavarian Alps (Bayerische Alpen) and Bavarian Forest Bayerischer Wald) were part of the originial Bavaria State and parts of it still exists in the present state of Bavaria..
Bayern.
See Bavaria
Bayreuth. Presently in Bavaria. Earlier was a Marquistate
of Brandenburg-Kulmbach, whose palace, Plassenburg, was found 15 miles
north-east of Kulmbach. The area had been owned by the this branch
of the Hohenzollern family since 1340.
Majority was Protestant. Here the houses of Wagner and Liszt
can be found.
Beckenfried Estate. Presently in Switzerland. Former
Prelate Nullius.
Beilstein. See Winneburg and Beilstein. Presently
in Rheinland-Palatinate. Was owned by the Catholic
family of von Metternich-Winneburg. In 1801 the territory was
part of France and in 1815 became a part of
Hohenzollern's Prussia.
Bentheim... Owned by the family of Gueterswyk under
the titles of von Fuersten and Grafen... The family, also, owned
Tecklenburg-Rheda. See Steinfurt. Family was
Reformed....
Berg. Presently in North Rhineland-Westphalia. Was
a Duchy owned by various branches of the Wittelsbach of
Bavaria... Palatinate-Neuburg then Palatinate.. Then in 1815 became
part of Prussia under the rule of the
Hohenzollerns....
Bergen. Was a Grafschaft and in 1581 became Dutch territory
then regained it's position in the German Grafenkolleg in 1654.... which
was cancelled in 1712..... Became part of Netherlands and presently in the
Province of Zutphen.
Bergen and Walen [Bergen and Zoom). Was
a Grafschaft. Became Dutch in 1567....1648... 1712
became part of the Netherlands.
Bergisches Land. See Berg
Berleburg. See Wetterauische Grafenkolleg
(Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg)
Bernburg. See Anhalt. Presently in
Saxony-Anhalt. One the residence of the Princes and Dukes of
Anhalt-Bernburg
Besancon. Presently part of France in the Dept.
of Doubs. Was formerly part of the Reichsstadt and Catholic
archbishopric at the Peace of Westphalia. It became part of the
Franche-Comte after Burgundy took control in 1674-1679.
Beuchlingen. Was a Grafschaft. Vote in the
Reichsstadt was cancelled in 1560.
Bieberach an der Riss. Pressently in Baden-Wuerttemberg.
Was earlier in the Reichsstadt.. At the time of the Peace of
Westphalia was a part of the Catholic Corps. However, many of
the citizens were Protestant and this created unrest between the Protestant
and the elite who were Catholic. In 1649 a treaty was signed between
the Catholics and Protestants which provided equal rights for both. The
town was destroyed during the Thirty Years War and later rebuilt....
Birstein. See Wetterauische Grafenkolleg....
Represented by the Brandenburg.
Bitsch. Presently in Lorraine, France. Was earlier in
the Grafschaft. Held a vote in the Reichstag until 1570.
The area merged with Lothringen [Lorraine].
Blankenberg. Presently part of Lorraine, France. Was
earlier part of the Grafschaft. Merged with Lothringen [Lorraine] in
1542.
Blankenburg. Was earlier part of the prelate nullius.
Presently in Saxony-Anhalt. Was thought to have been part of the Lorraine,
or, Oldenburg... Connected to Counts of Wernigerode whose old
castle is found in Wernigerode. South east of Wernigerode is Blankenburg
with its own castle hill [Bergberg] but this belonged to Kleines. Near
there is the remains of a medieval fortification and perhaps built in the
times ......
Blankenheim and Geroldstein Estates. Presently
part of the Kreis Schleiden, North Rhineland-Westphalia. Was earlier
a Grafschaft. Other estates linked by the family were Gerolstein [sic] ,
Kronenburg, and Dollendorf [all
Eifel Herrschaften). Member of the Westfaelische Grafenkolleg. Area
was mostly Catholic. Represented before 1780 by Grafen von
Manderscheid-Blankenheim , and, afterwards by Grafen von
Sternberg.
Boehmen
[Bohemia]. Former kingdom and Electoral Principality. An
original member of the electoral college but in 1780 lost its position.
Many Protestant groups came into being in Bohemia under Emperor
Matthias who granted religious freedom in 1609.... For a short period
of time Frederick, the Winter King ruled....
In 1620 the religious freedom ended when the Catholic Hapsburgs took Bohemia.
The Hapsburgs took action against the Protestants
[this encluded one-fourth of all the nobels and Burghers ], who were forced
to flee, if they could, to other areas less hostile. The estimated
number of families who fled is given at about 36,000 between the years of
1620 - 1627. The serfs and others who had not been able to leave were
forced to become Catholics. After 1918 the area became part of
Czechoslovakia.....
Bonndorf. Presently in Kreis Hochschwarzwald in
Baden-Wuerttemberg. Was part of the Reichsstadt. At the time of the
Peace of Westphalia it was represented by the Protestant Corpus in Ulm.
1802 the town was taken by Bavaria. In 1810 it was given
to Wuerttemberg
Bopfingen. Presently in Kreis Aalen in Baden-Wuerttemberg.
Was part of the Reichsstadt. At the time of the Peace of Westphalia,
Bopfingen was represented by the Protestant Corpus in Ulm.
Brakel. Presently in Kreis Hoexter in North
Rhineland-Westphalia. Was in the Reichstadt. Family connected the
Hinnenburg Estate.
Brandenburg.
There were many areas connected to this area by the rulling
family which was known as House of Brandenburg. Their ancesstor,
Albert I "the Bear", had been the first Margrave in 1134...
The territories connected were: Brandenburg, Uckermark, Prignitz,
Herrschaft Cottbus, Herrschaft Peitz, Crossen, Zuellichau, Beeskow, Storkow,
Kleve [Cleve], Mark, Ravensberg, Ravenstein, Duchy of Prussia... Some
of them had been part of the Brandenburg lands since the 1200s. The
Brandenburg rulers stood apart from the Catholics when they became Lutherans
[Protestant] and were so at the time of the Peace of Westphalia.
They held a electoral vote and were raised to be part of the Council of Electoral
Princes in 1692. The minor branch of the Brandenburgs who were known as the
Hohenzollerns who
inherited their territories in 1411.
See Prussia as well as the Hohenzollern family history.
In 1945 parts of the Brandenburg territory were given to Poland.
When the Berlin Wall fell 8 Nov 1989, East Germany [East
Brandenburg/Prussia] was reunited with West Germany [West
Brandenburg/Prussia]..
Brandenburg of the Franconian Lineage. Presently in
Bavaria. Was earlier a Margquisate [Margraviate] of Ansbach, Bayreith
[Bayreuth] and Kulmbach. At the time of the Peace of Westphalia the
Marquisates of Brandenburg-Ansbach and Brandenburg-Kulmbach were in the
Protestant Corpus. As were the rest of the Brandenburgs, they were
raised in rate of be part of the Councileof Electoral Princes in
1692. They had become part of the
Hohenzollern dynasty after the 1200s.
Brandenstein - Roenis. Presently part of Saxony and
has been so since the 1400s.
Braunfels. See Wetterauische Grafenkolleg.
Represented by the Brandenburgs.
Braunschweig [Brunswick] - Lueneburg - Hanover. Presently
in Lower Saxony. Was part of "Niedersachsen". Was a member of
the Protestant Corpus at the Peaace of Westphalia. Earlier, the territory
had been part of Duke of Saxony Henry "the Lion's"
domain. which emerged from the 12th century as a Duchy ....... The various
branches of this family were: Braunschweig - Lueneburg-Kalenberg and
Braunschweig-Lueneburg-Grubenhagen with the ruling house of Welf
[Braunschweig - Lueneburg] Welf is German for Guelph.... At
various times, the different branches of the familyis just mentioned ruled.
There were other branches: House of Este [Dukes of Ferrara and Modena] and
Wolfenbuettel Territories connected though Lordships were: Lueneburg,
Brunswick, Eberstein, Homburg, Diepholz, Lauterberg, Hoja [Hoya], Bruckhausen,
Hohenstein, Regenstein, Klettenberg, and, Blankenburg. A large group
of soldiers were sent to fight in the American Revolution and many remained
after 1783. French ruled under Napoleon who had made it a part of
Westphalia and gave the crown to his brother Jerome Bonaparte (1807-1813).....
In 1871 it became part of the German Empire which was ruled by the Hohenzollerns
... 1918.... Joined the Weimer Republic in 1919.... . House of
Hanover is often spoken seperately, however, it was part of the Duke
of Brunswick and Lueneburg in 1235. In 1714 Georg,
"the Elector" of Hanover became King George I of England and created his
own lineage [House of Hanover] ... See the lineage of the present
Queen Elizabeth II of England who is from the House of Hanover..
Bremen. Presently State [Land] of Bremen. Was
a free state in German Federal Republic..... . A free City... It was
in the Reichsstadt and archbishopric. Both were members of the Protestant
Corpus at the Peace of Westphalia. First mentioned in history in 845
.... Entered the Hanseatic League in 1358.... The people were greatly influenced
by the Reformation movements in Holland and then took up a modified
Calvinistic view.... The area was taken by Sweden in 1648 and
taken back into German rule by the Hanover in 1719. Joined the German
Empire in 1871..... Weimar Republic in 1919.... Federal Republic of
[Western] Germany in 1949..... Was the port of exit for many Germans
and German-Russians....
Brixen [Bressanone]. Presently in the Province of Bozen
in Italy. For a time the territory held a great number of Germans...
During that time, it was presented by Trient in the Catholic Corpus
and was so listed at the Peace of Westphalia... See the history
of the Austrian Tirol and the Vorarlberg.
Bronkhorst. Was a Herrschaft. Held a vote in
the Reichstag until 1719. The Lords of Bronkhorst also owned Anholt.
They were a branch of the House of Salm-Salm who held the title
of Prince.
Buchau am Federsee. Presently in Kreis Saulgau in
Baden-Wuerttemberg. Originally was an Abbey for women. It was
part of the Reichsstadt and member of the Schwaebishche Grafenkolleg. At
the time of the Peace of Westphalia is was Catholic. It was listed
in 1521 and, again, in 1792 in the Reichsmatrikel. In 1802 the town,
which grew around the Abbey and the Abbey went to the family of Thurn
and Taxis.... In 1806 the administration went to Wuerttemberg. The
Abbey was headed by a Princess-Abbess [Gefuerstete Abtissin].
Buchhorn [Friedrichshafen]. Presently in
Baden-Wuerttemberg. Was part of the Reichsstadt. Other estates connected
were: Herrschaft Baumgarten-Eriskirch and Kloster Hofen. Was
part of the Catholic Corpus at the Peace of Westphalia. In 1810 the lands
went to the Wuerttemberg and in 1811 was renamed Friedrichshafen.
Bueckburg. Was part of Kreis Schaumburg-Lippe in North
Saxony in the German Federal Republic. Was a Grafschaft. Town was the
residence of the Princes of Schaumburg-Lippe who became part of the
Reformed Church. The towns people were mostly Protestant.
Buedingen. See Wetterauische Grafenkolleg
[Isenburg-Buedingen-Meerholz-Waechtersbach)
Burgund
[Burgundy, Bourgogne]. Presently in eastern France.
Was a Duchy. Lands connected were Brabant, Namur, Limburg, Hennegau,
Holland, Seeland [Zeeland] and Luxemburg. At the Peace of Westphalia
the territories were under the Catholic Corpus.... Burgund was a
Hoch-Freigrafschaft then exalted and became the Free Gravine of Burgundy.
Its early history dates back to the Roman Gaul of which it was
a part, which was settled the area in the 5th century A.D. by
the Germanic Burgundii... 877 became the Duchy of Burgundy...
Passed to the hands of the Hapsburgs in 1477 and taken
by Louis XI who turned it into a French Province....
Burscheid. Was in Rhein-Wupper-Kreis in North Rhineland-Westfalen...
during the German Federal Republic period. Was formerly a prelate nullius.
It is not listed in any Matrikel as having belonged to Reichsstand....
Town was listed as having Protestants as the majority.
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